The Weichselian (110.000-10.000 years ago), is one of the best-understood ice ages. In its early stages there was an alternation of colder and warmer spells, but between 70.000 and 10.000 years ago, it was the 'real thing' for southern Limburg: it became part of a polar desert which extended to southern Norway in the north and southern England in the west. In this climate only animals with thick fur coats could survive, e.g. woolly rhinoceros, aurochs, Alpine marmot, cave bears and Mammoths.